The Extravagant Sower - Sermon by Pastor Sandy Ward - July 13th
The next few weeks we’ll be looking
at some parables from the book of Matthew.
Before we do that I’ve found it helpful to understand the context and
history of how these stories have come into being.
Matthew is one of 4 gospels, Matthew,
Mark, Luke and John. Matthew, Mark and Luke
are called the synoptic gospels.
Synoptic comes from the Greek words syn, which means same, and optic,
which relates to sight or view. So while
each of these gospels contains its own divine inspiration, Matthew, Mark and Luke
contain a lot of the same material, sort of the same view – hence,
synoptic. And the reason they cover a
lot of the same ground is because these 3 relied upon the same sources when
they were writing their gospel. The
gospel of john relied upon totally independent sources and that is why it is
not considered one of the synoptic gospels.
Each gospel writer had a distinct
viewpoint. They wrote with 3 main purposes:
·
converting readers and hearers to faith in
Jesus;
·
to instruct and strengthen those who already believed;
·
to refute those, including Jews and Christians,
with whom they disagreed.
Each gospel was what the author
believed to be true, when they were writing some 40-60 years after Jesus’
death.
So what we will see here, as we
study parables in Matthew, is that the same story is often written in one or
both of the other synoptic gospels.
So that helps us understand a
little about the gospels and the writing of Matthew. Now let’s consider the biblical timeline:
Jesus was born around 3 BCE,
baptized around 26 CE, and is telling the parables we will be talking about the
next few weeks around the year 28CE; Jesus death and resurrection happen around
30CE. So Jesus was around 31 years old when he was
speaking the parables.
Mark was the first gospel written
around 70 CE; Matthew and Luke were
written sometime in the 80-90’s CE, and it appears that both Matthew and Luke
relied upon 2 main sources for their writings:
the book of Mark and a collection of Jesus’ sayings called the “Q”, that was likely written in
40-50CE. Mark had only the Q to rely
upon.
When you hear of a story or a scene
that is in 2 or more of the gospels, that is called a “gospel parallel”. Today we will talk about a parable – one you
may be familiar with–The parable of the sower.
We will be looking at it as it is found in Matthew 13:1-9, but the same
story is also found in Mark 4:1-9 and in Luke 8: 4-8. Those are the gospel parallels for this
parable.
This parable is found in chapter 13
of Matthew, so if you are like me, you like to know what has led up to Jesus
telling this story at this point in Matthew’s gospel? Take a
look at your bulletin insert for the highlights of Matthew’s first 12
chapters. Chapter one is all about the ancestry
and the birth of Christ. Chapter 2 takes
Jesus from a baby to his baptism as a grown man. Then we have the temptations of Christ, and
by Chapter 4 Jesus has returned to the area of Galilee and is calling his first
disciples, the brothers Simon-Peter and Andrew and the other brothers James and
John. It’s at this point Jesus starts
teaching and preaching to the crowds.
In Chapter 5, Jesus needs a break
and retreats from the crowds by going up to the mountain. This is when he teaches the disciples the
beatitudes – “Blessed are the poor in spirit…” (9 beatitudes in all). The teaching goes on until Jesus comes down
from the mountain in Chapter 8. Then he
starts the healings, first the leper, then Peter’s mother in law. The crowds are following him and he again
needs a break and he tells his disciples to follow him. He gets into a boat and then calms the
storm. After that he returns to the
crowds, casting out demons, and healing.
In Chapter 9, Jesus calls Matthew, a tax collector, to be his disciple. Chapter 9 is also where the hemorrhaging
woman touches Jesus’ cloak and he says the famous line “Your faith has made you
well”.
By chapter 10 Jesus has 12
disciples and he calls all of them together.
He gives them authority to cast out demons, cure illness and heal
sickness, and then he sends them out.
In Chapters 11 and 12, we start
seeing how the Pharisees (who are strict followers of the Old Testament laws)
challenge and refute and accost Jesus.
The Pharisees call him on working on the Sabbath – challenging him about picking grain on a Sunday, which he
was doing to feed the disciples, and then later, when Jesus is in the
synagogue and heals a man’s hand, and
they again criticize him for healing on the Sabbath. They discount his ability to remove demons
from a blind and mute man, and then they demand a sign to see if he’s for real. The Pharisees have started conspiring on how
to get rid of him. Jesus finally goes
home
This is where chapter 13 picks up –
and it’s in verse one we hear “That same day”, which is referring to this “same day” of controversies, conflicts
and teaching, that Jesus has come outside and now goes down to the Sea of
Galilee. It is in light of how the crowds have been
infiltrated and influenced by the Pharisees, that Jesus tells this
parable:
A
farmer, the sower, put a heavy seed bag on his shoulder and went out to his
field to sow seed. The word “sow”, here, means to scatter. In
those days, seed was first scattered, and then gently plowed into the ground.
Here,
as this farmer tossed his precious seed, some fell on a well-worn path cut by
foot traffic through the fallow field. When fields lay fallow, foot travelers
would cut walking paths through the fields, taking the shortest distance
between two points. They didn’t really have fences to keep people out. So some seed landed on the path. And when it
did, the birds ate it for lunch.
Other
seeds fell on rocky ground. Because there was little soil there, the seedlings
sprang up quickly and then withered under the scorching sun. Thorns choked off
other seeds because the thorns were so dense that the seedlings couldn’t get
enough light to grow. Finally, some seed fell on good ground and brought forth
a bumper crop yielding thirty, sixty, even a hundred times the amount of seed
that was scattered. Jesus ended the
story admonishing all to listen; everyone with ears is to pay attention and listen
carefully, deeply, and thoughtfully.
Some
time passes. Probably alone with his disciples, and now in verses 18-23, Jesus gives
them an interpretation of the parable he told to the crowds earlier.
He
starts with an explanation of The path:
The seeds that fell along the path are the
people who hear the message about the kingdom, but don’t understand it. These
people are influenced by the evil and wickedness surrounding them in the world,
and they let that evil overtake them, and it snatches the good message from
their hearts. You know; some people are just too involved in the world to pay
attention to spiritual things; they hear the word, but don’t really absorb it,
these are the people represented by the path.
The rocks:
The seeds that fell on rocky ground are the
people who gladly hear the message and accept it right away. But they
don’t have deep roots, and as soon as life gets hard or the message gets them
in trouble, they give up. Other people get all excited
about the Gospel for a while, but then their excitement dies down because they
don’t grow in their faith; these are the people represented by the rocky
ground.
The Thorns
The seeds that fell among the thorn bushes are
also people who hear the message. But they start worrying about the needs of
this life and are fooled by their own neediness and desire to control, so the
message gets choked out, and they never produce anything. Then there are the ones who
lose their faith when trouble comes, when sickness and persecution and trial
attack their lives. These are the people the thorns represent.
Good ground:
The seeds that fell on good ground are the people who hear and
understand the message. They produce as much as a hundred or sixty or thirty
times what was planted.
What’s interesting to me is that this parable is called the
Parable of the Sower, but the theme, explanation and interpretation is really
about the four kinds of ground, and the people represented by each kind of
ground.
So I’m going to offer a couple of other explanations.
The first is that maybe it’s not about people each being a
different kind of ground, but maybe it’s about each life having all
kinds of ground…if that is so, all of our lives have worn, rocky, thorny, and
yes, good soil in which seed can germinate and grow.
If
your life is like mine, you know how daily living creates well-worn paths. We
call them ruts. We drive to and from work using the same route day after day.
We shop at the same grocery store, fill our tanks at the same gas station,
thankfully attend the same church, and, more times than not, feed our families
predictable menus of foods we know they will eat and enjoy. Routines are often
required, but sometimes in our relationship with God, routines can become ruts.
We can attend church week after week, hear the scriptures read (like this
familiar parable), sing familiar hymns, go through the church routine. And all these routines can leave us kind of
complacent, maybe even bored.
God’s
seed also falls on the rocky places of our lives. Life, by definition, can
leave us cold, sharp, soilless, and rough. Physical pain, emotional pain, the
cruelty of insensitive friends, and the crude comments of strangers can leave
us feeling lifeless and immobile, like those rocks on the highway. Those rocks can’t produce anything, or
reflect any of God’s bounty.
Thorns pop up in our life’s ground as well. An unexpected bill or family crisis can be
brutal and overwhelming and none of us intend for the thorns to overwhelm us,
but there they do, choking out God’s blessings, robbing us of God’s promise.
But
thanks be to God, some seed falls on good ground. When it does, we can
experience the kingdom of heaven, the goodness of God, the miracle of new life
or a renewed spirit is cultivated and nourished. Our spirits can soar 100fold in ways we never
dared to dream.
The second explanation I offer is this:
What if it is not about us
at all but about the sower? Barbara
Brown Taylor, an ordained minister and Christian writer asks: What if it is not about our own successes and
failures and birds and rocks and thorns, but about the extravagance of a sower who does
not seem to be fazed by such concerns, who flings seed everywhere, wastes it
with holy abandon, who feeds the birds, whistles at the rocks, picks his way
through the thorns, shouts hallelujah at the good soil and just keeps on
sowing, confident that there is enough seed to go around, that there is plenty,
and that when the harvest comes at last it will fill every barn in the
neighborhood to the rafters?
If the parable is about the Sower and not the parable of the
different kinds of ground, then it takes on yet a different meaning. The
focus changes from being about us and our shortfalls, to that of the generosity
of our maker, the prolific sower who doesn’t spend time obsessing about the
condition of the fields, who is not stingy with the seed but who casts it
everywhere, on good soil, on paths, on rocks and on thorns. A sower who is not cautious or judgmental or
even very practical, but one who is willing to keep reaching into his seed bag
for all eternity, covering the whole creation with the fertile seed of his grace
and goodness.
God, the sower, showed us grace and mercy through the human life
and death of his son, Jesus Christ. He
showed us the incredible harvest through Christ’s resurrection, so maybe then,
I need to apply the same grace and mercy to this parable. Maybe I need to unlearn looking at myself as
good soil and someone else as bad soil. Maybe this is where the two
explanations meet and mesh. Because each
of our lives is the most basic field into which God sows his grace, where it
sometimes meets with a life and heart that is hard soil and rocky soil and
weeds, and sometimes a life and heart with good soil that bears the fruit of
extending God's limitless love with others.
The
ministry of sowing is not a task for those who are easily discouraged. The
seeds of God’s love and grace can look very different and sometimes that
difference sustains us. Sometimes our
seed might be talking about God’s love to another, other times it might be
expressed in an act of kindness, goodness or concern. Sometimes I don’t think I have it to give,
but if I reach deep enough, I can find a way to be the seed or plant the
seed. Lots of times in Missouri I would
run down the street for lunch, I would get a sandwich, cut it in half and on
the way back to my office give the other half to one of our many homeless
friends coming in and out of the church.
This was something I could do when I was stressed or in my grumpiest of
moods, when I was field of rocks or thorns.
This
week I discovered a story about Vincent van Gogh that really touched my
heart. Van Gogh was the son of a minister
in the Dutch Reformed Church in the 1800’s.
Vincent had a call to ministry and he pursued this call as a student of
theology and then as a missionary to coal mine workers in Belgium. He was deeply moved by the poverty around him
and he gave all of his possessions, including most of his clothing, to the
miners. An inspector from the
Evangelization Council (of the Dutch Reformed Church) came along and found that van Gogh’s
generosity bordered on scandalous and he reported Vincent’s behavior to the
church’s authorities. Although he was
successful in his ministry, the hierarchy of the Dutch Reformed Church rejected
him and at the end of 1879 he left the church.
He
remained in Belgium in deep misery, but he found it within himself to make
drawings of the simple life of the Belgium peasants. He found drawing a kind of conversion
experience, saying “Even in that deep misery I felt my energy revive…” Although
most of the van Gogh biographers viewed the transition as a rejection of
religion, what actually happened was that his art, rather than preaching,
became van Gogh’s chief form of religious expression. His faith in God and eternity and respect for
God’s word remained firm. He rejected
the religion of his parents for what he thought was true piety, which he called
“the white ray of light”. Many of his
paintings have religious themes. Van
Gogh claimed “our purpose is self-reform by means of a handicraft and of
interaction with nature – our aim is walking with God”. He had a desire to bring people closer to
God, closer to each other and closer to themselves. In 1888 he painted “The Sower”, an important
piece in the history of art, and a scene straight out of our Matthew text. We see the farmer sowing the seed
deliberately. For van Gogh, the color
yellow symbolized faith, triumph and love; the color blue represented the
divine. You see how he combined the
colors to show the relationship between all living things.
How do you
nurture your heart to make it good ground that will yield a fruitful harvest
for the Lord? The holy sacrament of
communion is one way to feed your soul with God’s grace. Prayer is another way. As we prepare to come to the Lord’s Table,
let us take a time to share our joys and concerns and bring them to God in a
time of prayer. To acknowledge and know
the sower is in your midst, let the Eucharist unite you, prayer guide you, the
Holy Spirit empower you and loving service define you. Spend time
observing the world with eyes that are blessed to see. Spend time
listening to the world with ears that are blessed to hear. Not just what
you want to see and hear, but with the blessing of seeing and hearing the
reality and diversity of the world. A journey Jesus forged for us on the
path of His human journey and taught us to heal brokenness, welcome the
stranger and love as we have been loved. Then the seeds He sows in our
hearts will indeed bear fruit and yield a crop thirty, sixty or even a hundred
times the seed that was scattered.
Amen. .